THE ROLE OF INFORMATION – COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY IN TRANSPORT REFORMS: A CASE STUDY OF BELGRADE
Keywords:
Smart cities, Intelligent Transport System, Local regulations, Information – Communication Technology, BelgradeAbstract
The ubiquity of the Information – Communication Technology – ICT has sparked significant interest in smart city initiatives. Smart transportation systems are integral to this concept. Our research explores its potential impact on transportation enhancements, notably in Belgrade. The central research question revolves around whether employing ICT in transportation can effectively address Belgrade's transportation challenges. Our study focuses on relevant scientific literature in areas like local democracy, public policy, and public administration about smart cities. Taking a multidisciplinary approach, we draw on insights from various disciplines, employing fundamental scientific methods including literature reviews, case studies, and comparative analyses. Our research begins with a descriptive analysis of prominent global smart city projects, particularly emphasizing transportation improvements. We explore intelligent transportation systems and their implementations in cities like Copenhagen, Vienna, and Barcelona. The data we gather forms the basis for crafting an intelligent transportation policy and instigating reforms in Belgrade, charting past and future transportation changes.
References
AJUNTAMENT DE BARCELONA. (2022). Pla de Mobilitat Urbana 2024. Barcelona: Ajuntament de Barcelona.
ALRAOUF, A. A. (2006). The Emergence of New Urban Brand in the Middle East: Dubaization/Dubaification. In: Journal of Cultural Exchange (Kultur Austausch). 111/06 (Issue III), Page(s). 25 – 31.
ARAGHI, Y. et al. (2021). D6.4: Report on impact of C – ITS on surface transport system. C – Mobile.
AUDOUIN, M. and MATTHIAS, F. (2019). Empower or Thwart? Insights from Vienna and Helsinki regarding the role of public authorities in the development of MaaS schemes. In: Transport Research Procedia. 41, Page(s). 6 – 16, DOI: 10.1016/j.trpro.2019.09.003.
BAUER, R., FENDT, C., LUKACSY, M. and TRAUTINGER, F. (2022). Vienna in Figures 2022. Vienna: Statistics Vienna.
BEO INFO. (2019). Potpisan ugovor sa Siemensom o adaptilnom upravljanja saobraćajem. In: Beo info. [online]. Available at: URL https://rb.gy/f5mok [Accessed 5 October. 2023].
BEO INFO. (2023). Izgradnja sisteme za adaptilno upravljanje svetlosnom saobraćajnom signalizacijom. In: Beo info. [online]. Available at: URL https://rb.gy/6gtxu [Accessed 5 October. 2023].
BIBRI, S. E. and KROGSTIE, J. (2020). The emerging data–driven Smart City and its innovative applied solutions for sustainability: the cases of London and Barcelona. In: Energy Inform. 3, Page(s) 1 – 42, DOI:10.1186/s42162-020-00108-6.
BIRESSELIOGLU, M. E., KAPLAN, M. D, and YILMAZ, B. K. (2018). Electric mobility in Europe: A comprehensive review of motivators and barriers in decision-making processes. In: Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice. 109, Page(s). 1 – 13, DOI:10.1016/j.tra.2018.01.017.
CAVAR SEMANJSKI, I. (2023). Smart Urban Mobility: Transport Planning in the Age of Big Data and Digital Twins. Amsterdam – Oxford – Cambridge: Elsevier.
COHEN, A., and SHAHEEN. S. (2018). Planning for shared mobility. Chicago: American Planning Association.
COPENHAGEN AIRPORT. (2023). Parkering fra kun 499. – pr. uge*. In: Copenhagen Airport. [online]. Available at: URL https://rb.gy/kw54s [Accessed 7 October. 2023].
COPENHAGEN SOLUTION LAB. (2018). The Road to Smart Parking. In: Copenhagen Solution Lab. [online]. Available at: URL https://rb.gy/84r6r [Accessed 16 June. 2023].
DAMERI, R. (2013). Searching for Smart City definition: a comprehensive proposal. In: International Journal of Computer Sciences & Technology. 11 (5), Page(s). 2544 – 2551, DOI:10.24297/ijct.v11i5.1142.
DAVIES, A. (2016). Copenhagen's New Traffic Lights Recognize and Favor Cyclists. In: Wired. [online]. Available at: URL https://rb.gy/mpjb [Accessed 15 June. 2023].
DIRECTIVE 2010/40. (2010). Directive of the European Parliament and of the Council of 7 July 2010 on the framework for the deployment of Intelligent Transport Systems in the field of road transport and for interfaces with other modes of transport, OJ L 207/1, 7.7.2010, p. 1 – 13.
ĐORĐEVIĆ, S. (2019). Smart policies and innovative services. In: The e – future of Cities. Between temptation of exponential growth of technology growth and concept of human cities. The book of proceedings. Belgrade: Faculty of Geography and Academy of Engineering Sciences of Serbia, Page(s) 361 – 374.
ĐORĐEVIĆ, Snežana. 2017. Primena principa supsidijarnosti u Srbiji. Beograd: FPN, Čigoja.
ETSI. (2023). Standards. In: ETSI. [online] Available at URL https://rb.gy/iiam1 [Accessed: 15 June. 2023.
EUROPEAN CHARTER OF LOCAL SELF–GOVERNMENT. (1985). Council of Europe, European Treaty Series no. 122, Strasbourg.
EUROPEAN COMMISSION. (2017). Grant Agreement number: 723311 (2017), Accelerating C – ITS Mobility Innovation and Deployment in Europe. European Commission.
FAGNANT, D. J. and KOCKELMAN, K. (2015). Preparing a nation for autonomous vehicles: opportunities, barriers and policy recommendations. In: Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice. 77, Page(s) 167 – 181. DOI:10.1016/j.tra.2015.04.003.
FERRANDEZ, R., DAJSUREN Y., KARKHANIS, P., FÜNFROCKEN, M. and PILLADO. M. (2018). Modeling the C – ITS architectures: C – MobILE case study. In: 25th ITS World Congress. Copenhagen.
FESTAG, A. (2014). Cooperative intelligent transport systems standards in Europe. In: IEEE Communications magazine. 52 (12), Page(s) 166 – 172. DOI:10.1109/MCOM.2014.6 979970.
FINGER, M. and AUDOUIN, M. (2019). Introduction. In: Finger, M., and Audouin, M. eds., The governance of smart transportation system. Cham: Springer, Page(s) 1 – 10.
GEHL, J. (2010). Cities for People. Washington: Island Press.
GIFFINGER, R. et al. (2007). Smart cities – Ranking of European medium–sized cities. Vienna: Vienna University of Technology, Centre of Regional Sciences.
GRADSKO SAOBRAĆAJNO PREDUZEĆE BEOGRAD. (2023). Dnevne linije. In: Gradsko saobraćajno preduzeće. [online]. Available at: URL https://rb.gy/qxir7 [Accessed 18 June. 2023].
GREEN PAPER. TOWARDS A NEW CULTURE FOR URBAN MOBILITY. (2007). Brussels, Commission of European Communities.
IMD WORLD COMPETITIVENESS CENTER. (2023). IMD Smart City Index Report 2023. Lausanne – Singapore: IMD World Competitiveness Center.
ITS VIENNA REGION. (2023). Who we are? In: ITS Vienna Region Competence Centre for ITS of Vienna, Lower Austria and Burgenland. [online]. Available at: URL https://rb.gy/5v4fm [Accessed: 16 June. 2023].
JOVIĆ, J., ĐORIĆ, V., ČELAR, N., IVANOVIĆ, I., PETROVIĆ, D., KAJALIĆ, J., STANKOVIĆ, S., RANKOVIĆ PLAZINIĆ, B., i MILANOVIĆ, D. eds. (2015). Ažuriranje transportnog modela Beograda sa saobraćajnim istraživanjima karakteristika kretanja. Beograd: Saobraćajni fakultet i CEP.
KØBENHAVNS KOMMUNE. (2022). Mobilitetsredegørelse 2022. København: Teknik – Og Miljøforvaltningen.
KOMŠIĆ, J. (2019). Demokratija i dobra (samo)uprava. Beograd: Dan Graf.
KOVAČEVIĆ, A. (2023). The role of bike sharing in transport reform: learning from comparative experiences to develop a case study for Belgrade. In: Slovak Journal of Public Policy and Public Administration. Vol. 10. No. 1., Page(s) 29 – 46. DOI: 10.34135/sjpppa. 230102.
LI, H. (2016). Study on green transportation system of international metropolises. In: Procedia engineering. 137, Page(s). 762 – 771, DOI:10.1016/j.proeng.2016.01.314.
MITSAKIS, E. and KOTSI, A. (2017). Costs and benefits of bundled C – ITS services. The C – MobILE approach. In: Smart Cities and Mobility as a Service International Conference. Patras, Page(s) 1 – 8.
MITSAKIS, E. and KOTSI, A. (2018). D2.1 Ex – ante Cost–Benefit Analysis. C – Mobile.
MOŠIĆ, M., VIDOVIĆ N. i JOKSIMOVIĆ, I. (2022). Uticaj uvođenja prioriteta javnog prevoza na uslove u saobraćajnom toku. In: TESI at the crossroads. Proceedings. XIII International Conference on Traffic Engineering. Beograd: Saobraćajni fakultet, Page(s): 47 – 55. DOI:10.37528/FTTE/9788673954585/TESi.2022.02.
PALETTI, A. (2016). Co – production Through ICT in the Public Sector: When Citizens Reframe the Production of Public Services. In: Caporarello, L., Cesaroni, F., Giesecke, R. and Missikoff, M. eds. Digitally Supported Innovation. Lecture Notes in Information Systems and Organisation, vol 18. Cham: Springer, Page(s) 141 – 152.
PAPA, E. and LAUWERS. D. (2015). Smart mobility: Opportunity and threat to innovate places and cities. In: Real CORP 2015. Plan Together – right now – overall, From Vision to Reality for Vibrant Cities and Regions. Proceedings of 20th International Conference of Urban Planning and Regional Development in the Information Society, Vienna: CORP, Page(s) 543 – 550.
PARKING SERVIS. (2023). Aplikacija za plaćanje parkiranja. In: Parking Services. [online]. Available at: URL https://rb.gy/e84bt [Accessed 18 June. 2023].
PINKELNIG, A. and DAMARIS A. G. (2022). Annual pilot overview report 2021. C – Roads.
PLAN ODRŽIVE URBANE MOBILNOSTI. (2020). Skupština grada Beograda 34 – 833/20 – C.
RUPPERT CONSULT. (2019). Guidelines for Developing and Implementing a Sustainable Urban Mobility Plan, Second Edition. Cologne: Ruppert Consult.
SENTILO. (2023). What is? In: Sentilo. [online]. Available at: URL https://rb.gy/6t9kx [Accessed 28 June. 2023].
SMART PARKING SYSTEM. (2023). New installation of NB – IoT sensors in Vienna. In: SPS. [online]. Available at: URL https://rb.gy/7y85x [Accessed 16 June. 2023].
STOFAN, D. (2023). 6 Smart Cities that get traffic control right. In: Good Vision. [online]. Available at: URL https://rb.gy/7a8df [Accessed 27 June. 2023].
STOKER, G. (1998). Theory and Urban Politics. In: International Political Science Review. 19 (2), Page(s) 119 – 129.
THE CITY OF COPENHAGEN. (2013). Action Plan for Green Mobility. Copenhagen: Technical and Environmental Administration.
THE CITY OF VIENNA. (2015). Urban Mobility Plan Vienna. Vienna: Urban Development Vienna.
TREATY OF EUROPEAN UNION. (1992). OJ C 191, 29.7.1992.
VAMSTAD, J. (2012). Co–production and Service Quality: The Case of Cooperative Childcare in Sweden. In: International Journal of Voluntary and Non–profit Organizations. 23(4), Page(s) 1173 – 1188, DOI:10.1007/s11266-012-9312-y.
VIENNA AIRPORT. (2023). Anreise & Parken. In: Vienna Airport. [online]. Available at: URL https://rb.gy/io8io [Accessed 16 June. 2023].
WIENER LINIEN. (2023). WienMobile app: Information. In: Wiener Linien. [online]. Available at: URL https://rb.gy/zbxmhu [Accessed 16 June. 2023].
YUNEX TRAFFIC. (2022). Around the World with Yunex Traffic: Serbia. In: Yunex Traffic. [online]. Available at: URL https://rb.gy/74fof [Accessed 18 June. 2023].
